Try the Math Yourself

When Would It Actually Matter?

You have seen the scary headlines about data centers and water. Fine. Here is a slider. Build as many data centers as you want and see how long it takes to matter. All the numbers come from the government's own counts.

Water

Build Your Own Data Center Boom.

In 2023, every data center in America combined used about 17 billion gallons of cooling water.1 Drag the slider to multiply the whole industry and watch what it takes to catch up to things nobody argues about.

Every data center in America, times
1x

17 billion gallons a year. That equals about 1 hour of America's water withdrawals, or 0.01% of a year.4

DOE's worst
2028 case
Golf
courses
Almond
crop
1% of U.S.
water
At today's size, a full year of data center cooling equals about 1 hour of America's water withdrawals. A rounding error.

These are direct cooling numbers. Being fully fair: count the water used by the power plants that supply data centers' electricity, and the all-in 2023 figure is about 13 times higher — around 230 billion gallons.1 Golf courses and California's almonds still beat it.

America's golf courses ~530 billion gallons a year2 needs 31x
California's almond crop ~1 trillion gallons a year3 needs 59x
1% of all the water America withdraws ~1.2 trillion gallons a year4 needs 69x

Want to match what America's farms withdraw in a year? You would need more than 2,500 times every data center in the country. The slider does not go that far.4

Sources: U.S. Dept. of Energy / Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory¹ · GCSAA and USGA national survey, peer-reviewed² · Pacific Institute³ · U.S. Geological Survey⁴

Electricity

Power Is a Different Story. Here It Is, Straight.

No slider needed here, because electricity already matters. Data centers used about 4.4% of America's power in 2023, and the government projects that share will grow.1 Each dot below is 1% of all U.S. electricity.

Data centers: about 4.4% of U.S. electricity

About 176 billion kilowatt hours in 2023, per the Department of Energy's lab.

That is real demand. It is exactly why the Louisiana deal makes Meta pay to build its own power plants.

Meta has agreed to fund all ten new plants, pay for its own hookup, and pay a set bill every month for 15 to 20 years. Entergy projects the deal covers about $2.65 billion in costs regular customers would have paid.5

Sources: U.S. Dept. of Energy / Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory¹ · Entergy Louisiana filings⁵

My standard does not change with the resource. Pay for the power you use. Put the water back. Hire our people. Fund our schools. Read the full breakdown with every source at the Truth About Data Centers page.

Check the Sources

  1. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (for the U.S. Dept. of Energy), 2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage Report: about 17 billion gallons of direct cooling water in 2023, projected 38 to 73 billion by 2028; about 176 TWh of electricity in 2023 (4.4% of U.S. use), projected 6.7% to 12% by 2028.
  2. GCSAA and USGA, national golf water survey (peer-reviewed, 2025): about 530 billion gallons applied in 2024.
  3. Pacific Institute, California almond water analysis: about 1 trillion gallons in 2010, and more trees have been planted since.
  4. U.S. Geological Survey, Estimated Use of Water in the United States in 2015: about 322 billion gallons withdrawn per day nationwide, including 118 billion per day for farm irrigation.
  5. Entergy Louisiana, expanded Meta agreement (March 2026).